Ranunculus ficaria L.


Family	RANUNCULACEAE
Genus species	Ranunculus ficaria L.
Synonyms	Ficaria verna Huds.
	Ranunculus praecox Salisb.
Habitat	thickets and woods
Description	leaves ovate to reniform, petiolate, entire to lobate, 1-6cm long, base of petiole dilated, membranous, flowers 12-40mm across, petals obovate or oblong
Size	5-30cm
Color	yellow
Bloom	spring
Ca	ind
Type	tuft
Cultivation	cold, shady site with a humous, moist soil alpine house, moist, humous soil, shade
Propagation	seed in winter, barely covered, germ. 1-3 months, 10-16°C division in spring just as young growth commences
Territory	Europe Northern Europe (Denmark , Finland , Fřroyar , Great Britain , Iceland , Ireland , Norway , Svalbard , Sweden ) Middle Europe (Austria , Belgium , Czechoslovakia , Germany , Hungary , Netherlands , Poland , Switzerland ) Southwestern Europe (Corse , France , Portugal , Sardegna , Spain ) Southeastern Europe (Italy , Romania , Sicilia , Turkey-in-Europe ) Africa Asia-Temperate Middle Asia (Kazakhstan ) Caucasus (North Caucasus ) Western Asia (Turkey)
Bibliography	Plants of the World online powo.science.kew.org International Plant Names Index www.ipni.org

Comments	RANUNCULACEAE Ranunculus ficaria L., Sp. Pl. 1: 550 (1753) ============================================================================ ficaria typicus ined. Synonyms: Caltha hiranoi Tamura Ficaria aperta Schur Ficaria bulbifera Holub Ficaria communis J.St.-Hil. Ficaria ficaria (L.) H.Karst Ficaria polypetala Gilib. Fiacaria ranunculiflora Moench ex St.-Lag. Ficaria ranunculoides Roth Ficaria rotundifolia Schur Ficaria verna Huds. Ficaria verna dolichopetala (Zapal.) Soó Ficaria verna elongata (Zapal.) Soó Ficaria verna marmorata Priszter Ficaria verna podolica (Zapal.) Soó Ficaria verna polypetala (Zapal.) Soó Ficaria vulgaris H.St.-Hil. Ranunculus claviformis Dulac Ranunculus ficaria bulbifer Albert Ranunculus ficaria nigromaculatus (Schur) Gajic Ranunculus praecox Salisb. Europe, Kazakhstan, North Caucasus, Turkey 10 DEN FIN FOR GRB ICE IRE NET NOR SVA SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN POL SWI 12 COR FRA ITA POR SAR SIC SPA 13 ROM TUE 32 KAZ 33 NCS 34 TUR ficaria calthifolius (Rchb.) Arcang., Comp. Fl. Ital. [Arcangeli] 11 (1882) Basionym: Ficaria calthifolia Rchb., Fl. Germ. Excurs. 718 (1832) Synonyms: Ficaria verna calthifola (Rchb.) Nyman Ranunculus calthifolius (Rchb.) Bluff & al. Ficaria holubyi Schur Ficaria intermedia Schur Ficaria ledebourii Grossh. & Schischk. Ficaria nudicaulis A.Kern. Ficaria pumila Velen. Ficaria stepporum P.A.Smirn. Ficaria transsilvanica Schur Ficaria verna ledebourii (Grossh. & Schischk.) Soó Ranunculus nudicaulis (A.Kern.) Rouy & Fouc. Europe, Libya, Kazakhstan, Caucasus, Turkey 11 AUT CZE GER HUN POL 12 FRA SPA 13 BUL GRC ITA ROM TUE YUG 14 KRY RUC RUE RUS UKR 20 LBY 32 KAZ 33 NCS TCS 34 EAI TUR icaria chrysocephalus P.D.Sell, Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 106(2): 117 (1991) Synonyms: Ficaria chrysocephala (P.D.Sell) Galasso & al. Ficaria verna chrysocephala (P.D.Sell) Stace se. Europe, East Aegean Islands 13 ALB GRC KRI 34 EAI icaria fertilis A.R.Clapham ex Laegaard, Nordic J. Bot. 20(5): 526 (2001) Synonyms: Ficaria fertilis (A.R.Clapham ex Laegaard) Galasso & al. Ficaria verna fertilis (A.R.Clapham ex Laegaard) Stace Ranunculus fertilis (A.R.Clapham ex Laegaard) Landolt Ficaria ambigua Boreau Europe 10 DEN GRB NET NOR 11 BGM SWI 12 FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ITA SIC ficaria ficariiformis Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 1: 73 (1893) Synonyms: Ficaria ficariiformis (Rouy & Foucaud) A.W.Hil Ficaria calthifolia grandiflora (Robert) Trinajstić Ficaria grandiflora Robert Ficaria roberti F.W.Schulz Ficaria ranunculoides grandifora (Robert) Cadevall & Sallent Ficaria verna grandiflora (Robert) Hayek Ranunculus calthifolius (Guss.) Jord. Ranunculus ficaria grandiflorus (Robert) Cout. Medit., Canary Islands. Krym, Ukraine 12 BAL COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 GRC ITA KRI SIC TUE YUG 14 KRY UKR 20 ALG LBY MOR TUN 21 CNY 34 CYP EAI LBS PAL TUR