| Family | VIOLACEAE |
| Genus species | Viola calcarata L. sect. Melanium |
| Bibliography | Sp. Pl. 1: 935 (1753) |
| Native Range | e. France to w. Balkan Peninsula |
| Primary Biome | Subalpine |
| Habitat | grassland and scree |
| Altitude | 800-2400m |
| Description | leaves oval to lanceolate, obtusely dentate, petiolate, stipules oblong, subdentate, flowers 1-2, 2-3cm across, spur 5-15mm long |
| Size | 5-10cm |
| Color | violet, yellow |
| Bloom | spring, summer |
| Ca | |
| Type | perennial |
| Cultivation | gravelly, humous, moist, semi-shady site alpine house, moist, humous, gravelly soil, semi-shade |
| Propagation | seed in winter, barely covered, germ. 1-3 months, 13-16°C division after flowering and in fall |
| Synonyms | Mnemion calcaratum (L.) Spach Viola alpina Salisb. Viola apennina N.Teracc. Viola calcarata var. albiflora DC. Viola calcarata var. bertolonii DC. Viola calcarata ssp. caulescens Gaudin Viola calcarata var. decipiens DC. Viola calcarata var. flava Gren. & Godr. Viola calcarata var. halleri DC. Viola calcarata var. longipes Rouy & Foucaud Viola calcarata var. rosularis Rouy & Foucaud Viola calcarata var. rotundifolia Rouy & Foucaud Viola calcarata ssp. subacaulis Gaudin Viola decumbens Moench Viola gracilis Biv. Viola macrantha A.Huet ex Nyman Viola madonia C.Presl ex Rchb. Viola minae Strobl Viola pallidiflora A.Huet ex Nyman |
| Territory | 1 Europe 11 Middle Europe (AUT Austria, GER Germany, SWI Switzerland) 12 Southwestern Europe (FRA France) 13 Southeastern Europe (ALB Albania, ITA Italy, YUG Yugoslavia) |
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