| Family | VIOLACEAE |
| Genus species | Viola biflora L. sect. Dischidium |
| Bibliography | Sp. Pl. 1: 936 (1753) |
| Native Range | Subarctic and Temperate Northern Hemisphere |
| Primary Biome | Subalpine or Subarctic |
| Habitat | grassland |
| Altitude | 0-4500m |
| Description | thin trailing stems, leaves in rosette, pale green, reniform or cordate, stipules small, oval, subdentate, flowers 15mm across, sepals lanceolate, petals obovate-oblong |
| Size | 5-10cm |
| Color | yellow |
| Bloom | spring, summer |
| Ca | + |
| Type | perennial |
| Cultivation | humous, moist, but in winter drier, semi-shady site alpine house, moist, humous soil, shading in summer |
| Propagation | seed in winter, barely covered, germ. 1-3 months, 13-16°C division after flowering and in fall |
| Synonyms | Chrysion biflorum (L.) Spach Dischidium biflorum (L.) Opiz Viola avatschensis W.Becker & Hultén Viola biflora var. akaishiensis Hid.Takah. & H.Ohba Viola biflora ssp. avatschensis (W.Becker & Hultén) Tzvelev Viola biflora ssp. biflora Viola biflora var. burejensis Bezd. Viola biflora var. crassifolia Makino Viola biflora var. cuspidata Pau Viola biflora f. glabrifolia Hid.Takah. Viola biflora var. grandiflora Lázaro Ibiza Viola biflora var. hirsuta W.Becker Viola biflora var. nudicaulis W.Becker Viola biflora var. parviflora Lázari Ibiza Viola biflora var. valdepilosa Hand.-Mazz. Viola biflora var. vegeta (Nakai) Hid.Takah. Viola biflora var. typica H.Boissieu Viola biflora var. uniflora DC. Viola biflora var. vegeta (Nakai) Hid.Takah. Viola chingiana W.Becker Viola crassa var. tayemonii (Hayata) S.S.Ying Viola crassa var. vegeta Nakai Viola kanoi Sasaki Viola lutea Lam. Viola manaslensis F.Maek. Viola nudicaulis (W.Becker) S.Y.Chen Viola schulzenana W.Becker Viola tayemonii Hayata |
| Territory | 0 Circumpolar 1 Europe 10 Northern Europe (FIN Finland, NOR Norway, SWE Sweden) 11 Middle Europe (AUT Austria, CZE Czechoslovakia, GER Germany, HUN Hungary, POL Poland, SWI Switzerland) 12 Southwestern Europe (COR Corse, FRA France, SPA Spain) 13 Southeastern Europe (BUL Bulgaria, ITA Italy, ROM Romania, YUG Yugoslavia) 14 Eastern Europe (RUE East European Russia, RUN North European Russia, UKR Ukraine) 3 Asia-Temperate 30 Siberia (ALT Altay, BRY Buryatiya, CTA Chita, IRK Irkutsk, KRA Krasnoyarsk, TVA Tuva, WSB West Siberia, YAK Yakutskiya) 31 Russian Far East (AMU Amur, KAM Kamchatka, KHA Khabarovsk, KUR Kuril Is., MAG Magadan, PRM Primorye, SAK Sakhalin) 32 Middle Asia (KAZ Kazakhstan, KGZ Kirgizistan) 34 Western Asia (AFG Afghanistan) 36 China (CHC China South-Central, CHI Inner Mongolia, CHM Manchuria, CHN China North-Central, CHQ Qinghai, CHS China Southeast, CHT Tibet, CHX Xinjiang) 37 Mongolia 38 Eastern Asia (JAP Japan, KOR Korea, TAI Taiwan) 4 Asia-Tropical 40 Indian Subcontinent (ASS Assam, EHM East Himalaya, NEP Nepal, PAK Pakistan, WHM West Himalaya) 41 Indo-China (MYA Myanmar) 7 Northern America 70 Subarctic America (ASK Alaska, YUK Yukon) 71 Western Canada (BRC British Columbia) 73 Northwestern U.S.A. (COL Colorado) |